Rosa

Rosa californica Peninsular Ranges, CA Spjut & Marin 14712 Apr 2002	Rosa minutifolia Near San Antonio del Mar, BCN Mar 1979
	Rosa gymnocarpa Lake-of-the-Island, Marble Mts. Wilderness, CA Mixed fir and pine forest 5600 ft, July 2006
Rosa pisocarpa Shasta Trinity/Klamath NF, CA Spjut 14892, July 2002	Rosa woodsii var. ultramontana Jarbidge, NV, June 2005
Nowak R. 2005. Chemical composition of hips essential oils of some Rosa L. species. Z. Naturforsch. [C]. 60(5-6): 369–378. “The chemical composition of the hips essential oils of 9 taxa of Rosa L. was analyzed and compared using the standardized analytical GC and GC/MS methods. The volatile hips oil compositions for these species are presented. All oil samples were dominated by following components: vitispiran (isomer), a-E-acaridial, dodecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, docosane (C22), beta-ionone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 2-heptanone, heptanal, myristic acid and linolic acid. Statistical analyses of 97 GC peaks of these oils were used to distinguish compositional patterns. There appeared to be correlation between the essential oil patterns and the classification within Rosa L. Cluster analysis of the composition of main components clearly showed two groups, one constituted by R. rugosa Thunb. from the Cinnamomea section, and the other constituted by the remaining taxa from the Caninae section.” Park J. C., S. C. Kim, M. R. Choi, S. H. Song, E. J. Yoo, S. H. Kim, H. Miyashiro and M. Hattori. 2005. Anti-HIV protease activity from rosa family plant extracts and rosamultin from Rosa rugosa. J. Med. Food. 8(1): 107–109. Twelve extracts of Rosa family plants were screened for their inhibitory effects against HIV-1 protease. Of the extracts tested, the strongest inhibitory effects were observed in the root of Rosa rugosa and the leaves of Prunus sargentii, at a concentration of 100 microg/mL. Rosamultin, isolated from the root of R. rugosa, inhibited HIV-1 protease by 53% at a concentration of 100 microM.